The Oxford Handbook of Women, Peace, and Security

Description

Passed in 2000, the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 and subsequent seven Resolutions make up the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda. This agenda is a significant international normative and policy framework addressing the gender-specific impacts of conflict on women and girls, including protection against sexual and gender-based violence, promotion of women's participation in peace and security processes, and support for women's roles as peace builders in the prevention of conflict and rebuilding of societies after conflict. Implementation within and across states and international organizations - and within peace and security operations - has been slow despite significant transnational advocacy in support of the WPS agenda. The Oxford Handbook of Women, Peace, and Security brings together scholars, advocates, and policymakers to provide an overview of what we know concerning what works to promote women's participation in peace and security, what works to protect women and girls from sexual and gender-based violence and other human rights violations, and what works to prevent conflict drawing on women's experiences and knowledge of building peace from local to global levels. Just as importantly, it addresses the gaps in knowledge on and the future direction of scholarship on WPS. The handbook particularly aims to build on the findings from the 2015 Global Study of Resolution 1325, commissioned by the UN-Secretary General.

Over the course of six sections, the handbook addresses the concepts and early history behind WPS; the theory and practice of WPS; international institutions involved with the WPS agenda; the implementation of WPS in conflict prevention, peace operations, peace building, arms control, human-rights protection, and protection of civilians; connections between WPS and other UN resolutions and agendas; and the ongoing and future challenges of WPS.

About the Editors

Sara E. Davies is Associate Professor and Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellow in the School of Government and International Relations at Griffith University. She is also co-founder and co-editor of quarterly issued international journal Global Responsibility to Protect. 

Jacqui True is Professor of Politics & International Relations and Australian Research Council Future Fellow in the School of Social Sciences at Monash University. She is also an editorial board member of International Feminist Journal of Politics; International Studies Review; Global Responsibility to Protect; Political Science; and Women, Politics & Policy. She is the author of The Political Economy of Violence Against Women and co-editor of Scandalous Economics.

Contributors:

Ray Acheson is Director of Reaching Critical Will, Womenâs International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), New York.

Karin Aggestam is Professor of Political Science and Pufendorf Foundation Chair, 2016â2020, Lund University, Sweden.Director.

Eduardo Ãlvarez-Vanegas is Head of the Conflict Dynamics and Peace Negotiations Area at the Fundación Ideas para la Paz. He has an MA in Sociocultural Anthropology from Columbia University, USA.

Sanam Naraghi Anderlini is Executive Director of International Civil Society Action Network, USA.Reaching Radhika Balakrishnan is Faculty Director Center for Women's Global Leadership and Professor of Women's and Gender studies, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA.

Alex J. Bellamy is Professor of Peace and Conflict Studies at the School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland. He is also Executive Director of the Asia Pacific Centre for Responsibility to Protect, Australia.Will, Sharon Bhagwan-Rolls is Coordinator at femLINKpacific, Fiji.

Annika Björkdahl is Professor of Political Science in the Department of Political Science at Lund University, Sweden.

Maria Butler is Global Programmes Director at the Womenâs International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), New York, USA.

Helena Carreiras is Professor of Sociology, ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon, Portugal.

Isabela MarÃn Carvajal is Researcher at Fundación Ideas para la Paz, University of Los Andes, Colombia.

Christine Chinkin is Emerita Professor of International Law and Director of the Centre on Women, Peace, and Security, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK.

Radhika Coomaraswamy is Lead Author of the Global Study on the Implementation of Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) and Former Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations, Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Sara E. Davies is Associate Professor and ARC Future Fellow at the School of Government and International Relations, Griffith University, Australia.(WILPF)

Lisa Davis is Associate Professor of Law and co-director of the Human Rights and Gender Justice (HRGJ) Clinic at the City University of New York (CUNY) School of Law and the Senior Legal Advisor for MADRE.

Chantal de Jonge Oudraat is President of Women in International Security, Washington, DC, USA.

Devanna de la Puente is Inter-Agency Senior Gender Advisor (GenCap), Humanitarian Country Team, United Nations, Colombia.

Megan Dersnah is Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto, Canada.

Krishanti Dharmaraj is Executive Director of the Center for Women's Global Leadership, Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA.

Hannah Dönges is Doctoral Researcher at the Centre on Conflict, Development & Peacebuilding, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland.

Diana Duarte is Communications Director, MADRE, New York, USA.

Claire Duncanson is Senior Lecturer in International Relations in the School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, UK.

Lauren A. Eason is Senior Research Associate at the United States Institute of Peace, WomanStats Project, Washington, DC, USA.

Sri Wiyanti Eddyono is a lecturer in the Criminal Law Department and the director of Law, Gender and Society Centre at Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. She is also Adjunct Research Fellow at Monash Gender, Peace, and Security Centre.

Vanessa Farr specializes in conflict and gender and is an independent consultant.

Elizabeth Ferris is Research Professor at Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

Teresa Fragoso is PhD Candidate in Public Policy and President of the Commission for Citizenship and Gender Equality, Portuguese Public Administration, Portugal.

Nicole George is Senior Lecturer in Peace and Conflict Studies at the School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland, Australia.

Theodora-Ismene Gizelis is Professor in the Department of Government, University of Essex, UK.

Meenakshi Gopinath is Founder-Director of Women in Security, Conflict Management, and Peace (WISCOMP), India.

Bethan Greener is Associate Professor at Massey University, New Zealand.

Toni Haastrup is Deputy Director of Global Europe Centre and Lecturer in International Security, University of Kent, UK.

Lucy Hall is a Lecturer at the Faculty of Law, University of Amsterdam, Aggestam Netherlands.

Sarah Hewitt is PhD Candidate at the Monash Gender, Peace, and Security Centre, Monash University, Australia.

Andrea Huber is Policy Director of Penal Reform International (PRI), Denmark.

Natalie Florea Hudson is Associate Professor of Political Science and Director of the Human Rights Studies Program, University of Dayton, Ohio, USA.

Valerie M. Hudson is Professor and George H. W. Bush Chair in the Department of International Relations of the Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University, USA. She is also Director of the universityâs Program on Women, Peace, and Security.

Lisa Hultman is Associate Professor at the Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University, Sweden.

Swanee Hunt is Founder of Inclusive Security, an+d Eleanor Roosevelt Lecturer in Public Policy, Harvardâs Kennedy School of Government, USA.

Mirsad Miki Jacevic is Vice Chair of Inclusive Security, Washington, DC, USA.

Kathleen M. Jennings is head of research and development at the Faculty of Social Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University.

Bela Kapur is Visiting Senior Fellow at the London School of Economics Centre for Women Peace and Security, UK.

Sabrina Karim is Assistant Professor of Government at Cornell University, USA.

John Karlsrud is Senior Research Fellow and Manager for the Training for Peace program, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI), Norway.

Emily Kenney is Justice Specialist, Peace and Security, UN Women, New York, USA.

Jeni Klugman is Managing Director at the Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace and Security, and Fellow at the Women and Public Policy Program, Harvard Kennedy School, USA.

Jonneke Koomen is Associate Professor at Willamette University, USA.

Annica Kronsell is Professor of Political Science in the Department of Political Science at Lund University, Sweden.

Janosch Kullenberg is PhD Fellow at the Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences (BIGSSS), Germany.

Karin Landgren is Non-Resident Fellow at the Center on International Cooperation, New York University, USA. She is also former SRSG and head of three UN peace operations.

Katrina Lee-Koo is Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Australia.

Rita Manchanda is Consultant for Women in Security, Conflict Management, and Peace (WISCOMP), India.

Rashida Manjoo is Professor in the Department of Public Law, University of Cape Town, South Africa and the former United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, its Causes and Consequences.

Zoe Marks is Chancellorâs Fellow and Lecturer in the Centre of African Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK.

Sarah Martin is Gender-Based Violence in Emergencies Consultant.

Mary K. Meyer McAleese is Professor of Political Science at Eckerd College, Florida, USA.

Henri Myrttinen is Head of Gender and Peacebuilding at International Alert, UK.

Jasmin Nario-Galace is Executive Director of the Center for Peace Education, Miriam College, Philippines.

Alice Wairimu Nderitu is armed conflict mediator, member of Women Waging Peace Network, and Commissioner of National Cohesion and Integration Commission, Kenya.

Fionnuala D. NÍ Aoláin is Professor of Law at the University of Ulster Transitional Justice Institute, and Robina Chair in Law, Public Policy, and Society at University of Minnesota Law School, USA.

Eleanor O'Gorman is Senior Associate of the Centre for Gender Studies, Cambridge University, UK.

Joy Onyesoh is WILPF International President, Nigeria
Louise Olsson is Senior Resarcher at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Oslo, Norway.

Marie O'Reilly is Director of Research at Inclusive Security, Washington, DC, USA.

Catherine O'Rourke is Senior Lecturer in Human Rights and International Law at the Transitional Justice Institute and School of Law, Ulster University Jordanstown, Northern Ireland.

Thania Paffenholz is Director of the Inclusive Peace & Transition Initiative, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland.

Swati Parashar is Senior Lecturer at the University of Gothenberg, Sweden.

Madeleine Rees is Secretary-General of the Womenâs International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), South Africa/Switzerland.

Sian Rolls is Programme Associate at femLINKpacific, Fiji.

Natasja Rupesinghe is Junior Research Fellow at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI), Norway.

Therese Rytter is Director of Legal and Advocacy Department, DIGNITY, Danish Institute Against Torture, Denmark.

Johanna Mannergren Selimovic is Senior Research Fellow at the Swedish Institute of International Affairs, Stockholm, Sweden.

Angela Muvumba Sellström is Researcher in the Department of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University, Sweden.

Laura J. Shepherd is Associate Professor of International Relations at the School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia.

Inger Skjelsbæk is Research Professor at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) and Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway

Eli Stamnes is Senior Research Fellow at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI), Norway.

Jessica Stern is Executive Director of Outright Action International, New York, USA.

Deborah Stienstra is Jarislowsky Chair in Families and Work, Professor in Political Science, and Director of the Centre for Families, Work, and Well-being, University of Guelph, Canada.

Yifat Susskind is Executive Director of MADRE, New York, USA.

Barbro Svedberg is Policy Specialist at the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA), Sweden.

Aisling Swaine is Assistant Professor in Gender and Security at the Gender Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK.

Sarah Taylor is Research Fellow at the International Peace Institute, New York, USA.

J. Ann Tickner is Professor Emerita in the School of International Relations at the University of Southern California, USA, and Adjunct Professor, Centre for Gender, Peace, and Security, Monash University, Australia.

Liu Tiewa is Associate Professor at the School of International Relations and Diplomacy at Beijing Foreign Studies University. She is also Deputy Director of the Research Centre of the United Nations and International Organizations, Beijing Foreign Studies University, China.

Jacqui True is Professor of International Relations and Director of Monash Gender, Peace, and Security Centre, Monash University. She is also an Australia and Global Fellow at Peace Research Institute Oslo.

Torunn L. Tryggestad is Deputy Director of PRIO and Director of the PRIO Centre on Gender, Peace, and Security, Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway.

Nahla Valji is Senior Policy Advisor at the Peace and Security Division, UN Women, USA.

Ma. Lourdes Veneracion-Rallonza is Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science, Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines.

Stéfanie von Hlatky is Associate Professor of Political Studies at Queen's University and Director of the Queen's Centre for International and Defence Policy, Canada.

Jasmine-Kim Westendorf is Senior Lecturer of International Relations, La Trobe University, Australia.

Jennifer Wittwer, CSM, is an international consultant on gender and Women, Peace and Security. She is a former Policy Specialist and Military Liaison Officer, Peacekeeping and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, UN Women, New York, USA, and prior to that, was the Director of National Action Plan for Women, Peace and Security, Australian Defence Force, Australia.

Table of contents

Acknowledgments
List of Contributors
Part I. Concepts of WPS
Chapter 1. Women, Peace, and Security: A Transformative Agenda?
Sara E. Davies and Jacqui True
Chapter 2. Peace and Security from a Feminist Perspective
J. Ann Tickner
Chapter 3. Adoption of 1325 Resolution
Christine Chinkin
Chapter 4. Civil Society's Leadership in Adopting Resolution 1325
Sanam Naraghi Anderlini
Chapter 5. Scholarly Debates and Contested Meanings of WPS
Fionnuala D. NÍ Aoláin and Nahla Valji
Chapter 6. Advocacy and the WPS Agenda
Sarah Taylor
Chapter 7. WPS as a Political Movement
Swanee Hunt and Alice Wairimu Nderitu
Chapter 8. Locating Masculinities in WPS
Henri Myrttinen
Chapter 9. WPS and Adopted Security Council Resolutions
Laura J. Shepherd
Chapter 10. WPS and Gender Mainstreaming: Practice, Purpose, and Problems
Karin Landgren
Chapter 11. The Production of the 2015 Global Study
Louise Olsson and Theodora-Ismene Gizelis
Part II. Pillars of WPS
Chapter 12. WPS and Conflict Prevention
Bela Kapur and Madeleine Rees
Chapter 13. What Works in Participation
Thania Paffenholz
Chapter 14. What Works (and Fails) in Protection
Hannah Dönges and Janosch Kullenberg
Chapter 15. What Works in Relief and Recovery
Jacqui True and Sarah Hewitt
Chapter 16. Where the WPS Pillars Intersect
Marie O'Reilly
Chapter 17. WPS and Female Peacekeepers
Natasja Rupesinghe, Eli Stamnes, and John Karlsrud
Chapter 18. WPS and SEA in Peacekeeping Operations
Jasmine-Kim Westendorf
Chapter 19. WPS and Peacekeeping Economies
Kathleen M. Jennings
Chapter 20. WPS in Military Training and Socialization
Helena Carreiras and Teresa Fragoso
Chapter 21. WPS and Policing: New Terrain
Bethan Greener
Chapter 22. WPS, States, and the National Action Plans
Mirsad Miki Jacevic
Part III. Institutionalizing WPS
Chapter 23. WPS inside the United Nations
Megan Dersnah
Chapter 24. WPS and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Sexual Violence in Conflict
Eleanor O'Gorman
Chapter 25. WPS and Human Rights Council
Rashida Manjoo
Chapter 26. WPS and International Financial Institutions
Jacqui True and Barbro Svedberg
Chapter 27. WPS and the International Criminal Court
Jonneke Koomen
Chapter 28. WPS and North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Stéfanie von Hlatky
Chapter 29. WPS and the African Union
Toni Haastrup
Chapter 30. WPS and the Association of South East Asian Nations
Ma. Lourdes Veneracion-Rallonza
Chapter 31. WPS and Pacific Islands Forum
Sharon Bhagwan-Rolls and Sian Rolls
Chapter 32. WPS and Organization of American States
Mary K. Meyer McAleese
Chapter 33. WPS and Civil Society
Annika Björkdahl and Johanna Mannergren Selimovic
Chapter 34. WPS and Transnational Feminist Networks
Joy Onyesoh
Part IV. Implementing WPS
Chapter 35. Delivering WPS Protection in All Female Peacekeeping Force: The Case of Liberia
Sabrina Karim
Chapter 36. Securing Participation and Protection in Peace Agreements: The Case of Colombia
Isabela MarÍn Carvajal and Eduardo Ãlvarez-Vanegas
Chapter 37. WPS and Women's Roles in Conflict-Prevention: The Case of Bougainville
Nicole George
Chapter 38. Women in Rebellion: The Case of Sierra Leone
Zoe Marks
Chapter 39. Protecting Displaced Women and Girls: The Case of Syria
Elizabeth Ferris
Chapter 40. Donor States Delivering on WPS: The Case of Norway
Inger Skjelsbæk and Torunn L. Tryggestad
Chapter 41. WPS as Diplomatic Vocation: The Case of China
Liu Tiewa
Chapter 42. Women Controlling Arms, Building Peace: The Case of the Philippines
Jasmin Nario-Galace
Chapter 43. Where Pillars Intersect (or Fail): The Case of WPS in Afghanistan
Claire Duncanson and Vanessa Farr
Chapter 44. Mainstreaming WPS in the Armed Forces: The Case of Australia
Jennifer Wittwer
Part V. Cross-Cutting Agenda? Connections and Mainstreaming
Chapter 45. WPS and Responsibility to Protect
Alex J. Bellamy and Sara E. Davies
Chapter 46. WPS and Protection of Civilians
Lisa Hultman and Angela Muvumba Sellström
Chapter 47. WPS, Children, and Armed Conflict
Katrina Lee-Koo
Chapter 48. WPS, Gender, and Disabilities
Deborah Stienstra
Chapter 49. WPS and Humanitarian Disasters
Sarah Martin and Devanna de la Puente
Chapter 50. WPS, Migration, and Displacement
Lucy Hall
Chapter 51. WPS and LGBTI Rights
Lisa Davis and Jessica Stern
Chapter 52. WPS and CEDAW, Optional Protocol, and General Recommendations
Catherine O'Rourke with Aisling Swaine
Chapter 53. Women's Roles in CVE
Sri Wiyanti Eddyono with Sara E. Davies
Chapter 54. WPS and Arms Trade Treaty
Ray Acheson and Maria Butler
Chapter 55. WPS and Sustainable Development Goals
Radhika Balakrishnan and Krishanti Dharmaraj
Chapter 56. WPS and the Convention against Torture
Andrea Huber and Therese Rytter
Chapter 57. WPS and Climate Change
Annica Kronsell
Part VI. Ongoing and Future Challenges
Chapter 58. Global Study: Looking Forward
Radhika Coomaraswamy and Emily Kenney
Chapter 59. Measuring WPS: A New Global Index
Jeni Klugman
Chapter 60. Pursuing Gender Security
Aisling Swaine
Chapter 61. The Challenge of Foreign Policy in the WPS Agenda
Valerie M. Hudson and Lauren A. Eason
Chapter 62. Networked Advocacy
Yifat Susskind and Diana Duarte
Chapter 63. Women's Peacemaking in South Asia
Meenakshi Gopinath and Rita Manchanda
Chapter 64. WPS, Peace Negotiations, and Peace Agreements
Karin Aggestam
Chapter 65. The WPS "Agenda": A Postcolonial Critique
Swati Parashar
Chapter 66. The WPS Agenda and Strategy for the Twenty-First Century
Chantal de Jonge Oudraat
Chapter 67. The challenges of Monitoring and Analyzing WPS for Scholars
Natalie Florea Hudson
Index